MODERN TECHNIQUES FOR LEGUMES ENSILAGING
Bora Dinić1, Nenad Đorđević2, Jasmina Radović1, Bojan Anđelković1
1Institute for Forage Crops, Trg Kosturnice 50, 37000 Kruševac, Serbia
2Faculty of Agriculture, Zemun–Beograd, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Zemun, Serbia
bora.dinic@ikbks.com
The quality and nutrient value of biomass of plants of family Papilionaceae primarily depends on the phase of development and the ways of conservation. Of the perennial legumes the most important species for production of bulk feed are alfalfa and red clover, and of annual legumes are vetch and forage pea. Any applied way of conserving leads to a smaller or larger loss of nutritional substances. The end result of this contributes to a lesser or greater re¬duction of the production of milk or meat. Modern trends in legumes ensilaging technology are based on the knowl¬edge of biomass from the aspect of suitability for ensilaging, wilting, addition of carbohydrate feed, use of biological additives, etc. Today, the experiments are conducted, worldwide, with inoculates, which, in addition to homofer¬mentative, also contain heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria. Products of such inoculants contribute to the increase of aerobic stability of silages so their implementation is good for all types of silage. In addition to the usage of those additions, modern technology of silage is based on the maximum mechanization of the ensilaging process, as well as preparing the silage in the form of roto-bales and silo tubes (most inexpensive way of conservation) as well as per¬manent facilities.
Keywords: legumes; silage; carbohydrates; buffer capacity; wilting; carbohydrate feed; inoculants
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